{"id":4410,"date":"2025-04-08T06:44:21","date_gmt":"2025-04-08T06:44:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/department-of-japanese-studies.local\/?p=4410"},"modified":"2025-04-08T06:44:21","modified_gmt":"2025-04-08T06:44:21","slug":"intertextuality-in-post-war-japanese-travel-writing-an-analysis-of-sawaki-kotaros-midnight-express","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/djs.du.ac.bd\/?p=4410","title":{"rendered":"Intertextuality in Post-war Japanese Travel Writing: An  Analysis of Sawaki K\u014dtar\u014d\u2019s Midnight Express"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[fusion_builder_container hundred_percent=&#8221;no&#8221; hundred_percent_height=&#8221;no&#8221; hundred_percent_height_scroll=&#8221;no&#8221; hundred_percent_height_center_content=&#8221;yes&#8221; equal_height_columns=&#8221;no&#8221; menu_anchor=&#8221;&#8221; hide_on_mobile=&#8221;small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility&#8221; status=&#8221;published&#8221; publish_date=&#8221;&#8221; class=&#8221;&#8221; id=&#8221;&#8221; 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box_shadow=&#8221;yes&#8221; box_shadow_vertical=&#8221;1&#8243; box_shadow_horizontal=&#8221;1&#8243; box_shadow_blur=&#8221;4&#8243; box_shadow_spread=&#8221;1&#8243; box_shadow_color=&#8221;#999999&#8243; box_shadow_style=&#8221;&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;30&#8243; padding_right=&#8221;30&#8243; padding_bottom=&#8221;30&#8243; padding_left=&#8221;30&#8243; margin_top=&#8221;&#8221; margin_bottom=&#8221;&#8221; background_type=&#8221;single&#8221; gradient_start_color=&#8221;&#8221; gradient_end_color=&#8221;&#8221; gradient_start_position=&#8221;0&#8243; gradient_end_position=&#8221;100&#8243; gradient_type=&#8221;linear&#8221; radial_direction=&#8221;center center&#8221; linear_angle=&#8221;180&#8243; background_color=&#8221;&#8221; background_image=&#8221;&#8221; background_position=&#8221;left top&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;no-repeat&#8221; background_blend_mode=&#8221;none&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;left&#8221; animation_speed=&#8221;0.3&#8243; 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hide_on_mobile=&#8221;small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility&#8221; class=&#8221;&#8221; id=&#8221;&#8221; content_align=&#8221;left&#8221; size=&#8221;1&#8243; font_size=&#8221;22&#8243; animated_font_size=&#8221;&#8221; fusion_font_family_title_font=&#8221;Roboto&#8221; fusion_font_subset_title_font=&#8221;latin&#8221; fusion_font_variant_title_font=&#8221;700&#8243; line_height=&#8221;&#8221; letter_spacing=&#8221;&#8221; margin_top=&#8221;&#8221; margin_bottom=&#8221;&#8221; margin_top_mobile=&#8221;&#8221; margin_bottom_mobile=&#8221;&#8221; text_color=&#8221;&#8221; animated_text_color=&#8221;&#8221; highlight_color=&#8221;&#8221; style_type=&#8221;default&#8221; sep_color=&#8221;&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;left&#8221; animation_speed=&#8221;0.3&#8243; animation_offset=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Intertextuality in Post-war Japanese Travel Writing: An Analysis of Sawaki K\u014dtar\u014d\u2019s Midnight Express<\/p>\n<p>[\/fusion_title][fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; layout=&#8221;1_2&#8243; spacing=&#8221;&#8221; center_content=&#8221;no&#8221; hover_type=&#8221;none&#8221; link=&#8221;&#8221; target=&#8221;_self&#8221; min_height=&#8221;&#8221; hide_on_mobile=&#8221;small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility&#8221; class=&#8221;&#8221; id=&#8221;&#8221; border_size=&#8221;0&#8243; border_color=&#8221;&#8221; border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; border_position=&#8221;all&#8221; border_radius=&#8221;&#8221; box_shadow=&#8221;no&#8221; dimension_box_shadow=&#8221;&#8221; box_shadow_blur=&#8221;0&#8243; box_shadow_spread=&#8221;0&#8243; box_shadow_color=&#8221;&#8221; box_shadow_style=&#8221;&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;&#8221; padding_right=&#8221;&#8221; padding_bottom=&#8221;&#8221; padding_left=&#8221;&#8221; dimension_margin=&#8221;&#8221; background_type=&#8221;single&#8221; background_color=&#8221;&#8221; gradient_start_color=&#8221;&#8221; gradient_end_color=&#8221;&#8221; gradient_start_position=&#8221;0&#8243; gradient_end_position=&#8221;100&#8243; gradient_type=&#8221;linear&#8221; radial_direction=&#8221;center center&#8221; linear_angle=&#8221;180&#8243; background_image=&#8221;&#8221; background_position=&#8221;left top&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;no-repeat&#8221; background_blend_mode=&#8221;none&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;left&#8221; animation_speed=&#8221;0.3&#8243; animation_offset=&#8221;&#8221; filter_type=&#8221;regular&#8221; filter_hue=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_saturation=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_brightness=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_contrast=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_invert=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_sepia=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_opacity=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_blur=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_hue_hover=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_saturation_hover=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_brightness_hover=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_contrast_hover=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_invert_hover=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_sepia_hover=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_opacity_hover=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_blur_hover=&#8221;0&#8243; last=&#8221;no&#8221;][fusion_checklist icon=&#8221;&#8221; iconcolor=&#8221;&#8221; circle=&#8221;&#8221; circlecolor=&#8221;&#8221; size=&#8221;&#8221; divider=&#8221;&#8221; divider_color=&#8221;&#8221; hide_on_mobile=&#8221;small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility&#8221; class=&#8221;&#8221; id=&#8221;&#8221;][fusion_li_item icon=&#8221;fa-envelope fas&#8221;]Anushree<br \/>\nDOI : <a href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.55156\/jjsem.Dec2403\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">http:\/\/doi.org\/10.55156\/jjsem.Dec2403<\/span><\/a>[\/fusion_li_item][\/fusion_checklist][\/fusion_builder_column_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; layout=&#8221;1_2&#8243; spacing=&#8221;&#8221; center_content=&#8221;no&#8221; hover_type=&#8221;none&#8221; link=&#8221;&#8221; target=&#8221;_self&#8221; min_height=&#8221;&#8221; hide_on_mobile=&#8221;small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility&#8221; class=&#8221;&#8221; id=&#8221;&#8221; border_size=&#8221;0&#8243; border_color=&#8221;&#8221; border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; border_position=&#8221;all&#8221; border_radius=&#8221;&#8221; box_shadow=&#8221;no&#8221; dimension_box_shadow=&#8221;&#8221; box_shadow_blur=&#8221;0&#8243; box_shadow_spread=&#8221;0&#8243; box_shadow_color=&#8221;&#8221; box_shadow_style=&#8221;&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;&#8221; padding_right=&#8221;&#8221; padding_bottom=&#8221;&#8221; padding_left=&#8221;&#8221; dimension_margin=&#8221;&#8221; background_type=&#8221;single&#8221; background_color=&#8221;&#8221; gradient_start_color=&#8221;&#8221; gradient_end_color=&#8221;&#8221; gradient_start_position=&#8221;0&#8243; gradient_end_position=&#8221;100&#8243; gradient_type=&#8221;linear&#8221; radial_direction=&#8221;center center&#8221; linear_angle=&#8221;180&#8243; background_image=&#8221;&#8221; background_position=&#8221;left top&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;no-repeat&#8221; background_blend_mode=&#8221;none&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;left&#8221; animation_speed=&#8221;0.3&#8243; animation_offset=&#8221;&#8221; filter_type=&#8221;regular&#8221; filter_hue=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_saturation=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_brightness=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_contrast=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_invert=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_sepia=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_opacity=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_blur=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_hue_hover=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_saturation_hover=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_brightness_hover=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_contrast_hover=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_invert_hover=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_sepia_hover=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_opacity_hover=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_blur_hover=&#8221;0&#8243; last=&#8221;no&#8221;][fusion_text columns=&#8221;&#8221; column_min_width=&#8221;&#8221; column_spacing=&#8221;&#8221; rule_style=&#8221;default&#8221; rule_size=&#8221;&#8221; rule_color=&#8221;&#8221; hide_on_mobile=&#8221;small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility&#8221; class=&#8221;&#8221; id=&#8221;&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;left&#8221; animation_speed=&#8221;0.3&#8243; animation_offset=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Journal of Japanese Studies: Exploring Multidisciplinarity<\/strong><br \/>\nVolume 3, December 2024<\/p>\n<p>[\/fusion_text][\/fusion_builder_column_inner][\/fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_text columns=&#8221;&#8221; column_min_width=&#8221;&#8221; column_spacing=&#8221;&#8221; rule_style=&#8221;default&#8221; rule_size=&#8221;&#8221; rule_color=&#8221;&#8221; hide_on_mobile=&#8221;small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility&#8221; class=&#8221;&#8221; id=&#8221;&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;left&#8221; animation_speed=&#8221;0.3&#8243; animation_offset=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2018Intertextuality\u2019 was first used by Julia Christeva in 1966. It argues that no text is a closed text. Instead, texts created are connected and are inherently interactive in nature. Intertextuality in travel writing may be as old as travel writing, as travelers often gather information about destinations before setting off for their journyes. Japan enjoys a long history of travel writing, and travelogues and memoirs are indispensable to its vast literature. India has been a popular destination among Japanese travelers, traversing the land and its cities and penning their memoirs, a few of which become bestsellers. These writings have played an essential role in bringing the country closer to Japanese readers. The present paper will examine one such popular post-war Japanese travelogue called Midnight Express \u6df1\u591c\u7279\u6025 (1986) by Sawaki K\u014dtar\u014d. While drawing upon the theory of \u2018intertextuality,\u2019 the paper traces two major pre-existing travelogues, I Will Give Anything a Look \u4f55\u3067\u3082\u898b\u3066\u3084\u308d\u3046 (1961) by Oda Makoto and Wandering India \u5370\u5ea6\u653e\u6d6a (1972) by Fujiwara Shinya and examines the intertextual relations present in these writings. The study aims to analyze Midnight Express by placing it in the perspective of the preceding travel writings in the Japanese language and map the trajectory of the construction of the Indian image.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Intertextuality, Intertextual relations, Japanese Travel Writing, Indian Image, Sawaki K\u014dtar\u014d<\/p>\n<p>[\/fusion_text][fusion_text columns=&#8221;&#8221; column_min_width=&#8221;&#8221; column_spacing=&#8221;&#8221; rule_style=&#8221;default&#8221; rule_size=&#8221;&#8221; rule_color=&#8221;&#8221; hide_on_mobile=&#8221;small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility&#8221; class=&#8221;&#8221; id=&#8221;&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;left&#8221; animation_speed=&#8221;0.3&#8243; animation_offset=&#8221;&#8221;]<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Notes on Contributor<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nCentre for Japanese Studies, School of Language, Literature, and Culture Studies, Jawa<br \/>\nharlal Nehru University, India. E-mail: <a href=\"mailto:anushree.r29@gmail.com\">anushree.r29@gmail.com<\/a>[\/fusion_text][fusion_button link=&#8221;https:\/\/department-of-japanese-studies.local\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Article-3.pdf&#8221; text_transform=&#8221;&#8221; title=&#8221;&#8221; target=&#8221;_blank&#8221; link_attributes=&#8221;&#8221; alignment=&#8221;&#8221; modal=&#8221;&#8221; hide_on_mobile=&#8221;small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility&#8221; class=&#8221;&#8221; id=&#8221;&#8221; color=&#8221;custom&#8221; button_gradient_top_color=&#8221;#015e58&#8243; button_gradient_bottom_color=&#8221;#015e58&#8243; button_gradient_top_color_hover=&#8221;#015e58&#8243; button_gradient_bottom_color_hover=&#8221;#ff9800&#8243; accent_color=&#8221;&#8221; accent_hover_color=&#8221;&#8221; type=&#8221;&#8221; bevel_color=&#8221;&#8221; border_width=&#8221;&#8221; border_radius=&#8221;5&#8243; border_color=&#8221;&#8221; border_hover_color=&#8221;&#8221; size=&#8221;medium&#8221; stretch=&#8221;no&#8221; icon=&#8221;fa-file-pdf fas&#8221; icon_position=&#8221;left&#8221; icon_divider=&#8221;no&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;&#8221; animation_direction=&#8221;left&#8221; animation_speed=&#8221;0.3&#8243; animation_offset=&#8221;&#8221;]View Full Articles[\/fusion_button][\/fusion_builder_column][\/fusion_builder_row][\/fusion_builder_container]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[fusion_builder_container hundred_percent=&#8221;no&#8221; hundred_percent_height=&#8221;no&#8221; hundred_percent_height_scroll=&#8221;no&#8221; hundred_percent_height_center_content=&#8221;yes&#8221; equal_height_columns=&#8221;no&#8221; menu_anchor=&#8221;&#8221; hide_on_mobile=&#8221;small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility&#8221; status=&#8221;published&#8221; publish_date=&#8221;&#8221; class=&#8221;&#8221; id=&#8221;&#8221; link_color=&#8221;&#8221; link_hover_color=&#8221;&#8221; border_size=&#8221;&#8221; border_color=&#8221;&#8221; border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; margin_top=&#8221;&#8221; margin_bottom=&#8221;&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;&#8221; padding_right=&#8221;&#8221; padding_bottom=&#8221;&#8221; padding_left=&#8221;&#8221; gradient_start_color=&#8221;&#8221; gradient_end_color=&#8221;&#8221; gradient_start_position=&#8221;0&#8243; gradient_end_position=&#8221;100&#8243; gradient_type=&#8221;linear&#8221; radial_direction=&#8221;center center&#8221; linear_angle=&#8221;180&#8243; background_color=&#8221;&#8221; background_image=&#8221;&#8221; background_position=&#8221;center center&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;no-repeat&#8221; fade=&#8221;no&#8221; background_parallax=&#8221;none&#8221; enable_mobile=&#8221;no&#8221; parallax_speed=&#8221;0.3&#8243; background_blend_mode=&#8221;none&#8221; video_mp4=&#8221;&#8221; video_webm=&#8221;&#8221; video_ogv=&#8221;&#8221; video_url=&#8221;&#8221; video_aspect_ratio=&#8221;16:9&#8243; video_loop=&#8221;yes&#8221; video_mute=&#8221;yes&#8221; video_preview_image=&#8221;&#8221; filter_hue=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_saturation=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_brightness=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_contrast=&#8221;100&#8243; filter_invert=&#8221;0&#8243; filter_sepia=&#8221;0&#8243;&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4410","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-volume-3-december-2024","category-28","description-off"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/djs.du.ac.bd\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4410","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/djs.du.ac.bd\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/djs.du.ac.bd\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djs.du.ac.bd\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djs.du.ac.bd\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4410"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/djs.du.ac.bd\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4410\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/djs.du.ac.bd\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4410"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djs.du.ac.bd\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4410"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djs.du.ac.bd\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4410"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}